This is the only known sketch of the fort. It appears on a tracing of a 1608 John Smith map of Virginia sent to Philip III of Spain by his ambassador Pedro de Zuniga. Scholars believe that the “x” marks the church and the “flag” area was not a flag a t all but a plan of an enclosed settlement or garden to the north. The small dots may indicate watch towers on the river.



©Crandall Shifflett
All Rights Reserved
1998